Water Monitoring
In order to assess the water quality in the state, the Nagaland Pollution Control Board in collaboration with the Central Pollution Control Board under the National Water Quality Monitoring Programme (NWMP) monitors 28 (twenty eight) stations in Nagaland. Four major rivers namely Dhansiri & Chathe at Dimapur, Dzu at Kohima and Milak at Mokokchung are monitored on monthly basis. Ground water source from 10 stations is monitored on half yearly basis.
NATIONAL WATER QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAMME (NWMP) STATIONS IN NAGALAND
| Station Code | District | Type | Latitude | Longitude | Location | Monitoring frequency |
| 1796 | Dimapur | R | 25˚53.21′ | 93˚44.15′ | FULL NAGARJAN, DIMAPUR | M |
| 1797 | Dimapur | R | 25˚54.77′ | 93˚44.58′ | BRIDGE NEAR PURANA BAZAAR, DIMAPUR | M |
| 1798 | Dimapur | R | 25˚55.66′ | 93˚44.832′ | NEAR CHECK GATE (DIMAPUR-KHATKHATI ROAD) | M |
| 1799 | Dimapur | R | 25˚54.22′ | 93˚40.90′ | TOWN BOUNDARY BRIDGE(DIPHU ROAD) DIMAPUR | M |
| 1800 | Dimapur | R | 25˚55.28′ | 93˚43.49′ | NUTON BOSTI, (NAGA CEMETERY) NAGALAND | M |
| 1928 | Dimapur | R | 25˚557.11′ | 93˚45.46′ | NAGALAND- ASSAM BORDER, DIMAPUR, NAGALAND | M |
| 1929 | Dimapur | R | 25˚46.13′ | 93˚49.00′ | CHATHE AT MEDZIPHEMA, DIMAPUR, NAGALAND | M |
| 1930 | Kohima | R | 25˚39’24.11″ | 93˚11’13.2″ | DZU IN KOHIMA, NAGALAND | M |
| 2886 | Dimapur | L | 25˚53.818′ | 93˚45.253′ | PUDUMPUKHURI, NEAR NH-29, DIMAPUR | M |
| 2887 | Dimapur | L | 25˚54.469′ | 93˚45.279′ | BANGLA FISHERY, DIMAPUR | M |
| 2888 | Dimapur | R | 25˚51.897′ | 93˚46.917′ | CATHE RIVER NEAR CIHSR, DIMAPUR | M |
| 2889 | Kohima | R | 25˚41.052′ | 93˚02.424′ | DZUDZA RU (HYDRO) IN KOHIMA, NAGALAND | M |
| 2890 | Kohima | R | 25˚42.53′ | 94˚06.09′ | SANO RU (BELOW NEW SECRETARIAT)IN KOHIMA | M |
| 2891 | Kohima | R | 25˚39.493′ | 94˚07.814′ | DZUCHA RU IN KOHIMA, NAGALAND | M |
| 2892 | Kohima | R | 25˚39.494′ | 94˚07.798′ | DZUNA RU IN KOHIMA, ADJOINING NEW KMC, SWM SITE | M |
| 2893 | Kohima | R | 25˚39.517′ | 94˚07.806′ | DZUCHA RU (CONFLUENCE OF DZUCHA & DZUNA | M |
| 2894 | Mokokchung | R | 26˚39’45.6″ | 94˚39’45.6″ | MILAK RIVER AT TULI, MOKOKCHUNG, NAGALAND | M |
| 2895 | Mokokchung | R | 26˚43’15.0″ | 94˚37’12.4″ | MILAK RIVER AT PAPER NAGAR, TULI, MOKOKCHUNG | M |
| 2896 | Kohima | W | 25˚40.64′ | 94˚06.91′ | BOREWELL AT KOHIMA VILLAGE IN KOHIMA, NAGALAND | H |
| 2897 | Peren | W | 25˚4’09.7″ | 93˚32’43.6″ | BOREWELL AT KAMDI BAZAR, PEREN, NAGALAND | H |
| 2898 | Dimapur | W | 25˚45’41” | 93˚36’01.6″ | OPENWELL AT DOYAPUR DHANSIRIPAR, DIMAPUR | H |
| 2899 | Dimapur | W | 25˚47’11.5″ | 93˚37’35.9″ | BOREWELL AT DHANSIRIPAR, DIMAPUR | H |
| 2900 | Dimapur | W | 25˚52’10.8″ | 93˚44’06.1″ | OPENWELL AT TOULAZOUMA VILLAGE, DIMAPUR | H |
| 2901 | Dimapur | W | 25˚52’57.7″ | 93˚44’36.7″ | OPEN WELL AT LUNGWIRAM VILLAGE, DIMAPUR | H |
| 2902 | Dimapur | W | 25˚52’00.6″ | 93˚42’55.6″ | BOREWELL AT THAHEKHU VILLAGE, DIMAPUR | H |
| 2903 | Dimapur | W | 25˚53’32.8″ | 93˚42’37.6″ | OPEN WELL AT SIGNAL ANGAMI VILLAGE, DIMAPUR | H |
| 2904 | Dimapur | W | 25˚55’11.5″ | 93˚43’29.9″ | OPEN WELL AT NAGA CEMETRY, DIMAPUR | H |
| 2905 | Dimapur | W | 25˚53.757′ | 93˚43.203′ | BOREWELL AT SIGNAL POINT, DIMAPUR, NAGALAND | H |
Note: R – River L – Lake W – (RING WEll & BORE WELL) M – Monthly H – Half yearly
Water analysis report showing average value of different parameters during 2017 is given below:
|
Sl. No |
PARAMETERS | STATION CODE | ||||||||||||||
| 1796 | 1797 | 1798 | 1799 | 1800 | 1928 | 1929 | 1930 | 2886 | 2887 | 2888 | 2889 | 2890 |
2891 |
|||
|
1 |
Dissolved Oxygen (mg/l) |
4.77 |
4.62 | 4.44 | 4.58 | 1.8 | 4.465 | 5.37 | 5.24 | 4.46 | 4.69 | 5.67 | 5.69 | 5.12 | 5.37 | |
| 2 | pH | 7.8 | 7.75 | 7.7 | 7.60 | 7.39 | 7.66 | 7.82 | 8.10 | 7.42 | 7.40 | 7.67 | 7.84 | 7.77 |
7.82 |
|
|
3 |
Conductivity (µS/cm) |
178.4 |
150.5 | 150.4 | 125.8 | 196.1 | 156.9 | 88.25 | 264.8 | 149.6 | 150.1 | 98.27 | 117.2 | 349.2 |
197.3 |
|
|
4 |
BOD (mg/l) |
3.39 |
3.66 | 3.75 | 2.52 | 13.89 | 5.15 | 2.62 | 2.7 | 3.95 | 3.42 | 2.54 | 1.84 | 2.63 |
2.55 |
|
|
5 |
Nitrate- Nitrogen (mg/l) |
0.55 |
0.48 | 0.45 | 0.56 | 0.58 | 0.50 | 0.49 | 0.66 | 0.45 | 0.38 | 0.49 | 0.67 | 2.07 |
0.69 |
|
|
6 |
Turbidity (NTU) |
122.5 |
170.6 | 136.1 | 100.8 | 56.20 | 155.6 | 107.0 | 158.6 | 58.25 | 26.86 | 115.2 | 215.1 | 129.3 |
78.77 |
|
|
7 |
Phenolphthalein Alkalinity (mg/l) |
1.16 |
0.66 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0.33 | 0.16 | 4.33 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.72 | 3.6 |
0.9 |
|
|
8 |
Total Alkalinity (mg/l) |
84.4 |
75.33 | 74.5 | 69 | 85.33 | 75.75 | 42 | 99.66 | 66.88 | 52.88 | 40.66 | 55.11 | 86.66 |
63.66 |
|
|
9 |
Chloride (mg/l) |
10.81 |
7.5 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 15.9 | 7.1 | 2.9 | 7.0 | 20.6 | 14.63 | 2.98 | 5.93 | 65 |
20.45 |
|
|
10 |
Chemical Oxygen Demand (mg/l) |
27.54 |
22.9 | 16.3 | 21.36 | 28.14 | 19.78 | 11.88 | 12.58 | 35.74 | 34.32 | 15.1 | 21.44 | 14.3 |
13.68 |
|
|
11 |
Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/l) |
0.40 |
0.24 | 0.34 | 0.24 | 2.4 | 0.78 | 0.18 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.65 |
0.53 |
|
|
12 |
Total Hardness (mg/l) |
67.83 |
63 | 66.5 | 53.33 | 63.33 | 67.5 | 40.66 | 128.1 | 56.88 | 46.22 | 36.44 | 55.11 | 127.1 |
70.88 |
|
|
13 |
Calcium Hardness (mg/l) |
40.5 |
36.66 | 38.66 | 33.33 | 42.83 | 34.5 | 18.16 | 56.5 | 27.55 | 26.66 | 20.22 | 32 | 61.77 |
34.66 |
|
|
14 |
Magnesium Hardness (mg/l) |
6.48 |
6.38 | 6.62 | 4.75 | 4.83 | 8.05 | 5.46 | 18.27 | 7.15 | 5.69 | 4.71 | 6.04 | 17.61 |
9.71 |
|
|
15 |
Sulphate (mg/l) |
20.5 |
23.5 | 22.66 | 18.5 | 18.5 | 23.08 | 21.58 | 58.08 | 18.55 | 23 | 26.77 | 28 | 44.66 |
36.66 |
|
|
16 |
Total Dissolved Solids (mg/l) |
112 |
88 | 81 | 70.88 | 104.8 | 90.41 | 50.86 | 157.4 | 77.56 | 74.91 | 49.31 | 58.83 | 174.4 |
94.97 |
|
|
17 |
Total Suspended Solids(mg/l) |
0.33 |
0.26 | 0.226 | 0.14 | 0.16 | 0.26 | 0.11 | 0.32 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.20 | 0.93 | 0.27 | |
|
18 |
Phosphate (mg/l) |
0.26 |
0.18 | 0.18 | 0.37 | 0.46 | 0.17 | 0.10 | 0.21 | 0.11 | 0.06 | 0.13 | 0.55 | 0.88 |
0.3 |
|
|
19 |
Boron (mg/l) |
0.22 |
0.07 | 0.07 | 0.12 | 0.33 | 0.17 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.43 | 0.18 | 0.10 | 0.04 |
0.10 |
|
|
20 |
Potassium (mg/l) |
10.16 |
3.81 | 3.86 | 3.83 | 6.16 | 4.01 | 3.05 | 3.86 | 5.36 | 7.61 | 4.45 | 4.2 | 9.15 |
4.58 |
|
|
21 |
Fluoride (mg/l) |
0.18 |
0.11 | 0.12 | 0.14 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 0.13 | 0.22 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.09 |
0.08 |
|
|
22 |
Arsenic (mg/l) |
0 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
0 |
|
|
23 |
Cadmium (mg/l) |
0.01 |
0.01 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | – | – | – | – | – |
– |
|
|
24 |
Copper (mg/l) |
0.07 |
0.14 | 0.05 | 0.16 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.13 | 0.07 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 0.02 |
0.03 |
|
|
25 |
Lead (mg/l) |
0 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
0 |
|
|
26 |
Chromium (mg/l) |
0 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
0 |
|
|
27 |
Nickel |
0.16 |
0.14 | 0.17 | 0.56 | 0.22 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 0.47 | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.06 | 0.1 |
0.09 |
|
|
28 |
Zinc (mg/l) |
2.6 |
2.39 | 2.14 | 2.08 | 0.9 | 2.18 | 1.88 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
– |
|
|
29 |
Iron (mg/l) |
0.86 |
2.12 | 0.83 | 3.48 | 23.39 | 0.74 | 0.31 | 0.31 | 1.22 | 0.69 | 0.58 | 0.49 | 0.5 |
0.4 |
|
| BIO- MONITORING | ||||||||||||||||
|
30 |
Saprobic Score |
– |
– | – | – | – | 5.92 | 6 | 6.7 | – | – | – | – | – |
– |
|
|
31 |
Diversity Score |
– |
– | – | – | – | 0.55 | 0.50 | 0.66 | – | – | – | – | – |
– |
|
|
32 |
Water Quality |
– |
– | – | – | – | Moderate | Slight | Slight | – | – | – | – | – |
– |
|
|
33 |
Water Quality Class |
– |
– | – | – | – | C | B | B | – | – | – | – | – |
– |
|
|
34 |
Indicator Colour |
– |
– | – | – | – | Green | Light Blue | Light Blue | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Sl. No | PARAMETERS | STATION CODE | |||||||||||||
| 2892 | 2893 | 2894 | 2895 | 2896 | 2897 | 2898 | 2899 | 2900 | 2901 | 2902 | 2903 | 2904 | 2905 | ||
|
1 |
Dissolved Oxygen (mg/l) |
5.45 |
5.72 | 5.62 | 5.53 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
– |
|
2 |
pH |
7.76 |
7.67 | 7.72 | 7.45 | 7.93 | 7.27 | 5.9 | 7.18 | 6.90 | 7.04 | 7.78 | 7.33 | 6.64 |
7.13 |
|
3 |
Conductivity (µS/cm) |
292.5 |
214.7 | 101.4 | 96.12 | 586 | 218 | 151.5 | 192 | 274 | 367.6 | 651 | 491.5 | 788 |
349 |
|
4 |
BOD (mg/l) |
5.35 |
3.44 | 1.71 | 1.88 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
– |
|
5 |
Nitrate- Nitrogen (mg/l) |
1.73 |
1.37 | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 1.59 | 0.12 | 2.88 | 1.4 | 0.12 | 0.29 | 5.2 |
0.11 |
|
6 |
Turbidity (NTU) |
102.4 |
83.97 | 54.24 | 85.03 | 9.95 | 108.7 | 3.77 | 3.85 | 13.23 | 3.73 | 2.18 | 5.11 | 2.09 |
3.22 |
|
7 |
Phenolphthalein Alkalinity (mg/l) |
0.02 |
0.22 | 0 | 0 | 1.4 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0.15 | 0 | 0 |
0 |
|
8 |
Total Alkalinity (mg/l) |
82.44 |
82.44 | 36 | 32 | 214 | 73 | 13 | 144 | 31 | 37 | 213 | 198 | 21 |
32 |
|
9 |
Chloride (mg/l) |
68.80 |
40.02 | 7.87 | 5.86 | 78 | 22.2 | 47 | 2.1 | 46.5 | 6.65 | 1.8 | 35 | 205.5 |
117.5 |
|
10 |
Chemical Oxygen Demand (mg/l) |
28.6 |
23.12 | 9.58 | 13 | 14 | 11.2 | 14.6 | 7.8 | 13.5 | 10.8 | 9.3 | 18.4 | 11 |
9.8 |
|
11 |
Ammonia Nitrogen (mg/l) |
1.08 |
0.74 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.49 | 0.97 | 0.27 | 0.66 | 0.26 | 0.33 | 0.99 | 1.04 | 0.23 |
0.33 |
|
12 |
Total Hardness (mg/l) |
89.66 |
72.77 | 39.33 | 45.11 | 248 | 67 | 39 | 48 | 51 | 53 | 115 | 183 | 191 |
74 |
|
13 |
Calcium Hardness (mg/l) |
47.66 |
42.22 | 19.33 | 18.26 | 108 | 19 | 16 | 22 | 33 | 31 | 35 | 113 | 135 |
50 |
|
14 |
Magnesium Hardness (mg/l) |
10.97 |
7.82 | 8.36 | 6.34 | 34.16 | 11.71 | 5.60 | 6.34 | 4.39 | 5.36 | 19.51 | 17.07 | 13.66 |
5.85 |
|
15 |
Sulphate (mg/l) |
35.13 |
34.98 | 25.11 | 26 | 77.5 | 19 | 16.5 | 22.5 | 30 | 25 | 30 | 47 | 32.5 |
36.5 |
|
16 |
Total Dissolved Solids (mg/l) |
135.7 |
106.8 | 52 | 48.04 | 293 | 109 | 75.85 | 96.05 | 137 | 183.5 | 325.5 | 245.5 | 394 |
174.5 |
|
17 |
Total Suspended Solids(mg/l) |
0.28 |
0.20 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.09 | 0.13 | 0.15 | 0.57 |
0.16 |
|
18 |
Phosphate (mg/l) |
0.22 |
0.17 | 0.11 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.22 | 0.17 | 0.2 | 0.11 | 0.26 | 0.15 | 0.14 |
0.13 |
|
19 |
Boron (mg/l) |
0.58 |
0.34 | 0.09 | 0.16 | 0.12 | 0.45 | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.17 | 0.05 | 0.44 | 0.09 |
0.55 |
|
20 |
Potassium (mg/l) |
5.23 |
5.03 | 3.41 | 2.88 | 9.8 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 5.1 | 2.5 | 5 | 4 | 16.1 | 20 |
6.4 |
|
21 |
Fluoride (mg/l) |
0.20 |
0.18 | 0.17 | 0.13 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.18 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.17 | 0.09 | 0.17 |
0.24 |
|
22 |
Arsenic (mg/l) |
0.005 |
0.005 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
0 |
|
23 |
Cadmium (mg/l) |
– |
– | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
– |
|
24 |
Copper (mg/l) |
0.02 |
0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.02 |
0.05 |
|
25 |
Lead (mg/l) |
0 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|
26 |
Chromium (mg/l) |
0 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
0 |
| 27 |
Nickel |
0.15 | 0.09 | 0.12 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.16 | 0.17 |
0.09 |
|
28 |
Zinc (mg/l) |
– |
– | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 29 |
Iron (mg/l) |
0.64 | 0.42 | 1.12 | 0.76 | 0.62 | 1.24 | 0.47 | 1.5 | 0.37 | 0.27 | 0.37 | 0.18 | 0.07 |
0.65 |
Designated Best Use Classification of Inland Surface Water:
|
Class |
Designated Best Use |
Criteria |
|
A |
Drinking water source without conventional treatment but after disinfection | pH: 6.5 to 8.5
Dissolved Oxygen: 6mg/l or more Biochemical Oxygen Demand: 2mg/l or Total Coliform: 50MPN/100ml |
|
B |
Outdoor bathing (Organized) | pH: 6.5 to 8.5
Dissolved Oxygen: 5mg/l or more Biochemical Oxygen Demand: 3mg/l or Total Coliform: 500MPN/100ml |
|
C |
Drinking water source with conventional treatment followed by disinfection | pH: 6.5 to 8.5
Dissolved Oxygen: 4mg/l or more Biochemical Oxygen Demand: 3mg/l or Total Coliform: 5000 MPN/ml |
|
D |
Propagation of wildlife and fisheries | pH: 6.5 to 8.5
Dissolved Oxygen: 4mg/l or more Free Ammonia: 12mg/l |
|
E |
Irrigation, industrial cooling and controlled waste disposal | pH: 6 to 8.5
Electrical Conductivity: Max. 2250mhos/cm Sodium Absorption Ratio: Max. 26 Boron: Max. 2mg/l |
MPN – Most Probable Number
Inference:
Dissolved oxygen (DO) is the amount of oxygen present in the water in the dissolved form. In one of the drains at Naga Cemetery, Dimapur DO level was found very low on an average of 1.8 mg/l during 2017. As per designated best use, DO should be above 4mg/l and in all the monitoring station it was recorded above the prescribed standards.
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is a measure of the quantity of oxygen used by microorganisms (e.g., aerobic bacteria) in the oxidation of organic matter. BOD is one of the most important indicators of pollution. At the same station at Naga Cemetery, Dimapur, the highest BOD was observed at 13.89 mg/l while the least was analyzed as 1.84 mg/l at Dzudza Ru (Below Hydro) at Kohima. As per designated best use, BOD should be below 3mg/l however, the high levels of BOD may be attributed to the discharge of domestic wastewater mostly in untreated form and the municipal waste thrown directly into the water bodies without treatment. The relatively high levels of BOD can also be attributed to the presence of decaying organic matter. The other reason for high BOD level may be due to increased runoff from urban and agricultural fields.
